TIVICAY (DOLUTEGRAVIR)

Tivicay is a brand-name prescription medication that got FDA approval as an antiviral drug to be used with other antiretroviral agents for the prevention of multiplication of type 1 HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). Tivicay contains Dolutegavir as its active ingredient and the following inactive ingredients povidone K29/32, D-mannitol, sodium stearyl fumarate microcrystalline cellulose, sodium starch glycolate, macrogol/PEG, polyvinyl alcohol-part hydrolyzed, titanium dioxide, and talc.

Tivicay belongs to the pharmacological class: HIV-1 INSTI (Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor). Integrase is an HIV-1 enzyme, that takes part in viral replication, integrating viral DNA into the host DNA. It binds with the viral DNA to form a complex structure to enter the host cell. Tivicay prevents viral replication and multiplication of the virus in the host by blocking the integrase enzyme activity with metallic ions. This way it treats HIV.

Tivicay tablets come in three strengths: 10mg, 25mg, and 50mg. The tablets are biconvex, round, and have debossing “SV 572” on one side and the strength is mentioned on the other side. 25mg and 50mg tablets are pale yellow, and 10mg tablets are white.

Tivicay tablets are given by doctors in combination with other anti-retroviral agents to treat HIV-1 infection that may cause AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) in adults and children aged above 12 years and weighing a minimum of 40 kg.

The recommended dosage of Tivicay is 50mg once or twice daily with or without food. A 50mg dose is suggested once daily in case of treatment-naïve, treatment-experienced INSTI- naïve, and for virologically suppressed adults who are taking rilpivirine along with Tivicay. The suggested dosage is 50mg twice daily in case of treatment-naïve or treatment-experienced INSTI- naïve taking certain UGT 1A or CYP 3A inducers, along with Tivicay as well as those who have clinically suspected INSTI resistance.

Tivicay is available in the form of tablets meant for oral administration. The oral administration allows the medicine to digest easily and enter into the bloodstream for the best outcomes.

Some reported side effects of taking Tivicay are:

• Tiredness
• Headache
• Skin rash
• Difficulty sleeping (Insomnia).
• Nausea
• A spinning sensation (Vertigo)
• Changes in the immune system, liver test reports, and body fat deposits (especially in the neck, trunk, and back).
• Dizziness
• Fatigue
• Unusual dreams.
• Allergic reactions.

Here is a non-exhaustive list of drugs and supplements known to interact with Tivicay tablets:

• Other HIV/AIDS medications such as Nevirapine, Efavirenz, Fosamprenavir/Ritonavir, Tepravine/Ritonavir, and Etraverine.
• Calcium or iron supplements.
• St. John’s Wort
• Rifampin present in tuberculosis medicine.
• Metformin present in oral diabetes medicine.
• Sucralfate to treat ulcers.
• Anti-seizure medicines such as phenobarbital, carbamazepine, phenytoin, and oxcarbazepine.
• Laxatives or antacids which may contain calcium, aluminum, or magnesium.
• Buffered medicines.

Tivicay intake is not meant for:

• People with known hypersensitivity or allergy to ingredients of Tivicay tablets.
• Patients suffering from liver disease, especially Hepatitis B or C.
• Patients who are on a course of dofetilide medicine.
• Female patients who have conceived and are in their first 12 weeks of pregnancy.
• Lactating women.

Before starting the treatment course with Tivicay take note of the following precautions:

• Avoid drug/disease interactions with Tivicay by sharing information about your current intake of drugs, and illnesses (if any) with your doctor.
• Avoid sudden discontinuation of intake of Tivicay, its overdose, or arbitrarily skipping the dose.
• Inform the doctor if one is pregnant, planning childbearing, or feeding before taking the medicine.
• Take Tivicay as per the doctor’s advice and instructions on the label.
• Avoid sharing Tivicay tablets with others having HIV symptoms.
• Take measures like avoiding unprotected sex or sharing personal belongings and injectable drugs, to prevent the spread of HIV.

• Store the Tivicay tablets in their original packaging along with anything containing moisture-absorbing preservatives, at controlled room temperature, preferably at 20-25℃.
• Keep it away from light, heat, and moisture, and out of reach of small children.
• Tivicay can be exposed to temperatures between 15 to 30℃ for short periods such as when transporting the medicine.

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